Richard III

Act 1, Scene 4

Modern spelling. Stage directions omitted.

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KEEPER

Why looks your Grace so heavily today?

CLARENCE

O, I have passed a miserable night,
So full of fearful dreams, of ugly sights,
That, as I am a Christian faithful man,
I would not spend another such a night
Though ’twere to buy a world of happy days,
So full of dismal terror was the time!

KEEPER

What was your dream, my lord? I pray you tell me.

CLARENCE

Methoughts that I had broken from the Tower,
And was embarked to cross to Burgundy;
And in my company my brother Gloucester,
Who from my cabin tempted me to walk
Upon the hatches. we looked toward England,
And cited up a thousand heavy times,
During the wars of York and Lancaster,
That had befall’n us. As we paced along
Upon the giddy footing of the hatches,
Methought that Gloucester stumbled, and in falling,
Struck me, that thought to stay him, overboard
Into the tumbling billows of the main.
O Lord, methought what pain it was to drown,
What dreadful noise of waters in my ears;
What sights of ugly death within my eyes.
Methoughts I saw a thousand fearful wracks;
A thousand men that fishes gnawed upon;
Wedges of gold, great anchors, heaps of pearl,
Inestimable stones, unvalued jewels,
All scattered in the bottom of the sea.
Some lay in dead men’s skulls, and in the holes
Where eyes did once inhabit there were crept—
As ’twere in scorn of eyes—reflecting gems,
That wooed the slimy bottom of the deep,
And mocked the dead bones that lay scattered by.

KEEPER

Had you such leisure in the time of death
To gaze upon these secrets of the deep?

CLARENCE

Methought I had; and often did I strive
To yield the ghost, but still the envious flood
Stopped in my soul, and would not let it forth
To find the empty, vast, and wand’ring air,
But smothered it within my panting bulk,
Who almost burst to belch it in the sea.

KEEPER

Awaked you not in this sore agony?

CLARENCE

No, no, my dream was lengthened after life.
O, then began the tempest to my soul.
I passed, methought, the melancholy flood,
With that sour ferryman which poets write of,
Unto the kingdom of perpetual night.
The first that there did greet my stranger-soul
Was my great father-in-law, renowned Warwick,
Who spake aloud, “What scourge for perjury
Can this dark monarchy afford false Clarence?”
And so he vanished. Then came wand’ring by
A shadow like an angel, with bright hair
Dabbled in blood; and he shrieked out aloud
“Clarence is come—false, fleeting, perjured Clarence,
That stabbed me in the field by Tewksbury!
Seize on him, Furies! Take him unto torment!”
With that, methoughts, a legion of foul fiends
Environed me, and howled in mine ears
Such hideous cries that with the very noise
I trembling waked, and for a season after
Could not believe but that I was in hell,
Such terrible impression made my dream.

KEEPER

No marvel, lord, though it affrighted you;
I am afraid, , to hear you tell it.

CLARENCE

Ah, Keeper, Keeper, I have done these things,
That now give evidence against my soul,
For Edward’s sake, and see how he requites me.
O God, if my deep prayers cannot appease ,
But wilt be avenged on my misdeeds,
Yet execute wrath in me alone;
O, spare my guiltless wife and my poor children!
Keeper, I sit by me awhile.
My soul is heavy, and I would sleep.

KEEPER

I will, my lord; God give your Grace good rest.

BRAKENBURY

Sorrow breaks seasons and reposing hours,
Makes the night morning, and the noontide night.
Princes have but their titles for their glories,
An outward honour for an inward toil;
And, for unfelt imaginations,
They often feel a world of restless cares,
So that between their titles and low name,
There’s nothing differs but the outward fame.

FIRST MURDERER

Ho, who’s here?

BRAKENBURY

What , fellow? And how cam’st ?

SECOND MURDERER

I would speak with Clarence, and I came on my legs.

BRAKENBURY

What, so brief?

FIRST MURDERER

better, sir, than to be tedious. Let him see our commission, and talk no more.

BRAKENBURY

I am in this commanded to deliver
The noble Duke of Clarence to your hands.
I will not reason what is meant hereby,
Because I will be guiltless of the meaning.
There lies the Duke asleep, and there the keys.
I’ll to the King and signify to him
That thus I have resigned to you my charge.

FIRST MURDERER

You may, sir; a point of wisdom. Fare you well.

SECOND MURDERER

What, shall I stab him as he sleeps?

FIRST MURDERER

No. He’ll say done cowardly, when he wakes.

SECOND MURDERER

Why, he shall never wake until the great Judgement Day.

FIRST MURDERER

Why, then he’ll say we stabbed him sleeping.

SECOND MURDERER

The urging of that word “judgement” bred a kind of remorse in me.

FIRST MURDERER

What, art afraid?

SECOND MURDERER

Not to kill him, having a warrant, but to be damned for killing him, from the which no warrant can defend me.

FIRST MURDERER

I thought hadst been resolute.

SECOND MURDERER

So I am—to let him live.

FIRST MURDERER

I’ll back to the Duke of Gloucester and tell him so.

SECOND MURDERER

Nay, I stay a little. I hope this passionate will change. It was wont to hold me but while one tells twenty.

FIRST MURDERER

How feel thyself now?

SECOND MURDERER

Faith, some certain dregs of conscience are yet within me.

FIRST MURDERER

Remember our reward, when the deed’s done.

SECOND MURDERER

Zounds, he dies! I had forgot the reward.

FIRST MURDERER

Where’s conscience now?

SECOND MURDERER

O, in the Duke of Gloucester’s purse.

FIRST MURDERER

So, when he opens his purse to give us our reward, conscience flies out.

SECOND MURDERER

no matter; let it go. There’s few or none will entertain it.

FIRST MURDERER

What if it come to again?

SECOND MURDERER

I’ll not meddle with it; it makes a man coward. A man cannot steal but it accuseth him; a man cannot swear but it checks him; a man cannot lie with his neighbour’s wife but it detects him. a blushing shamefaced spirit that mutinies in a man’s bosom. It fills a man full of obstacles. It made me once restore a purse of gold that by chance I found. It beggars any man that keeps it. It is turned out of towns and cities for a dangerous thing; and every man that means to live well endeavours to trust to himself and live without it.

FIRST MURDERER

Zounds, even now at my elbow, persuading me not to kill the Duke.

SECOND MURDERER

Take the devil in mind, and believe him not. He would insinuate with but to make sigh.

FIRST MURDERER

I am strong-framed; he cannot prevail with me.

SECOND MURDERER

Spoke like a tall man that respects reputation. Come, shall we fall to work?

FIRST MURDERER

Take him on the costard with the hilts of sword, and then throw him in the malmsey-butt in the next room.

SECOND MURDERER

O excellent device—and make a sop of him.

FIRST MURDERER

Soft, he wakes.

SECOND MURDERER

Strike!

FIRST MURDERER

No, we’ll reason with him.

CLARENCE

Where art , keeper? Give me a cup of wine.

SECOND MURDERER

You shall have wine enough, my lord, .

CLARENCE

In God’s name, what art ?

FIRST MURDERER

A man, as you are.

CLARENCE

But not as I am, royal.

SECOND MURDERER

Nor you as we are, loyal.

CLARENCE

voice is thunder, but looks are humble.

FIRST MURDERER

My voice is now the King’s, my looks mine own.

CLARENCE

How darkly and how deadly speak!
Your eyes do menace me; why look you pale?
Who sent you ? do you come?

SECOND MURDERER

To, to, to—

CLARENCE

To murder me?

BOTH MURDERERS

Ay, ay.

CLARENCE

You scarcely have the hearts to tell me so,
And therefore cannot have the hearts to do it.
Wherein, my friends, have I offended you?

FIRST MURDERER

Offended us you have not, but the King.

CLARENCE

I shall be reconciled to him again.

SECOND MURDERER

Never, my lord; therefore prepare to die.

CLARENCE

Are you drawn forth among a world of men
To slay the innocent? What is my offence?
Where is the evidence that accuse me?
What lawful quest have given their verdict up
Unto the frowning judge? Or who pronounced
The bitter sentence of poor Clarence’ death?
Before I be convict by course of law,
To threaten me with death is most unlawful.
I charge you, as you hope to have redemption,
By Christ’s dear blood shed for our grievous sins,
That you depart, and lay no hands on me.
The deed you undertake is damnable.

FIRST MURDERER

What we will do, we do upon command.

SECOND MURDERER

And he that commanded is our King.

CLARENCE

Erroneous vassals! The great King of kings
in the table of his law commanded
That do no murder. Will you then
Spurn at His edict and fulfil a man’s?
Take heed, for He holds vengeance in His hand
To hurl upon their heads that break His law.

SECOND MURDERER

And that same vengeance He hurl on
For false forswearing, and for murder too.
receive the sacrament to fight
In quarrel of the house of Lancaster.

FIRST MURDERER

And like a traitor to the name of God
break that vow, and with treacherous blade
Unrippedst the bowels of sovereign’s son.

SECOND MURDERER

Whom wast sworn to cherish and defend.

FIRST MURDERER

How canst urge God’s dreadful law to us,
When broke it in such dear degree?

CLARENCE

Alas, for whose sake did I that ill deed?
For Edward, for my brother, for his sake.
He sends you not to murder me for this,
For in that sin he is as deep as I.
If God will be avenged for the deed,
O, know you yet He it publicly;
Take not the quarrel from His powerful arm;
He needs no indirect or lawless course
To cut off those that have offended Him.

FIRST MURDERER

Who made then a bloody minister
When gallant-springing, brave Plantagenet,
That princely novice, was struck dead by ?

CLARENCE

My brother’s love, the devil, and my rage.

FIRST MURDERER

brother’s love, our duty, and faults,
Provoke us now to slaughter .

CLARENCE

If you do love my brother, hate not me.
I am his brother, and I love him well.
If you are hired for meed, go back again,
And I will send you to my brother Gloucester,
Who shall reward you better for my life
Than Edward will for tidings of my death.

SECOND MURDERER

You are deceived. Your brother Gloucester hates you.

CLARENCE

O no, he loves me, and he holds me dear.
Go you to him from me.

FIRST MURDERER

Ay, so we will.

CLARENCE

Tell him when that our princely father York
Blessed his three sons with his victorious arm,
And charged us from his soul to love each other,
He little thought of this divided friendship.
Bid Gloucester think of this, and he will weep.

FIRST MURDERER

Ay, millstones, as he lessoned us to weep.

CLARENCE

O, do not slander him, for he is kind.

FIRST MURDERER

Right, as snow in harvest. Come, you deceive yourself.
he that sends us to destroy you here.

CLARENCE

It cannot be, for he bewept my fortune,
And hugged me in his arms, and swore with sobs
That he would labour my delivery.

FIRST MURDERER

Why, so he , when he delivers you
From this earth’s thraldom to the joys of heaven.

SECOND MURDERER

Make peace with God, for you must die, my lord.

CLARENCE

Have you that holy feeling in your souls
To counsel me to make my peace with God,
And are you yet to your own souls so blind
That you will war with God by murd’ring me?
O sirs, consider: they that set you on
To do this deed will hate you for the deed.

SECOND MURDERER

What shall we do?

CLARENCE

Relent, and save your souls.

FIRST MURDERER

Relent? No, cowardly and womanish.

CLARENCE

Not to relent is beastly, savage, devilish.
Which of you—if you were a prince’s son,
Being pent from liberty, as I am now—
If two such murderers as yourselves came to you,
Would not entreat for life? Ay, you would beg,
Were you in my distress.
My friend, I spy some pity in looks.
O, if eye be not a flatterer,
Come on my side, and entreat for me;
A begging prince what beggar pities not?

SECOND MURDERER

Look behind you, my lord.

FIRST MURDERER

Take that, and that! If all this will not do,
I’ll drown you in the malmsey-butt within.

SECOND MURDERER

A bloody deed, and desperately dispatched.
How , like Pilate, would I wash my hands
Of this most grievous murder.

FIRST MURDERER

How now? What mean’st that help’st me not?
By heavens, the Duke shall know how slack you have been.

SECOND MURDERER

I would he knew that I had saved his brother.
Take the fee, and tell him what I say,
For I repent me that the Duke is slain.

FIRST MURDERER

So do not I. Go, coward as art.
Well, I’ll go hide the body in some hole
Till that the Duke give order for his burial.
And when I have my meed, I will away,
For this will out, and then I must not stay.

All of Richard III

Act 1

Act 1, Scene 1Act 1, Scene 2Act 1, Scene 3Act 1, Scene 4,

Act 2

Act 2, Scene 1Act 2, Scene 2Act 2, Scene 3Act 2, Scene 4,

Act 3

Act 3, Scene 1Act 3, Scene 2Act 3, Scene 3Act 3, Scene 4Act 3, Scene 5Act 3, Scene 6Act 3, Scene 7,

Act 4

Act 4, Scene 1Act 4, Scene 2Act 4, Scene 3Act 4, Scene 4Act 4, Scene 5,

Act 5

Act 5, Scene 1Act 5, Scene 2Act 5, Scene 3Act 5, Scene 4Act 5, Scene 5

Open Richard III in the 1623 First Folio. See its words in the cloud.

Modern spelling for reading. The edition is public domain in the United States. Edition source.